The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, showing Lake Erie in the foreground.

A handful of artists are inducted into the Hall of Fame in an annual induction ceremony, historically held at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in New York City. The first group of inductees, inducted on January 23, 1986, included Chuck Berry, James Brown, Ray Charles, Sam Cooke, Fats Domino, The Everly Brothers, Buddy Holly, Jerry Lee Lewis, Little Richard, and Elvis Presley.

Currently, groups or individuals are qualified for induction 25 years after the release of their first record. Nominees should have demonstrable influence and significance within the history of rock and roll. Four categories are recognized: Performers, Non-Performers, Early Influences, and since 2000, Sidemen. However, fans have no input concerning who is nominated or elected to the hall.

Beginning in 2009, the annual induction ceremony will move to Cleveland on a rotating basis, perhaps as often as every three years.

Performers

Performers include singers and instrumentalists.

A nominating committee composed of music historians selects names for the Performers category, which are then voted on by roughly 1000 experts, including academics, journalists, producers, and others with music industry experience. Performers receiving the highest number of votes greater than 50% of the votes received are selected for induction; each year, about five to seven nominees make the cut.

Early influences

Early Influences includes artists from earlier eras, primarily country, folk, and blues, whose music inspired and influenced rock and roll artists. The most recent of this category to be inducted were Nat King Cole and Billie Holiday in 2000. Other notable artists that have been inducted as Early Influences include country musician Hank Williams, blues musician Howlin' Wolf, and jazz musicians Jelly Roll Morton and Louis Armstrong.

Sidemen

The Sidemen category includes veteran session and concert players who are selected by a large committee composed primarily of producers.

Foundation and museum

Trabant cars from U2's Zoo TV Tour hanging in the lobby of The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame + Museum

The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Foundation was created April 20, 1983. However, it had no home. The search committee considered several cities, including Memphis (home of Sun Studios and Stax Records), Cincinnati (home of King Records), New York, and Cleveland. Cleveland lobbied hard to be chosen, citing that one-time Cleveland disc jockey Alan Freed is widely credited with promoting the new genre (and the term) of "rock and roll", and that Cleveland was the location of the first rock and roll concert. Civic leaders in Cleveland pledged $65 million in public money to fund the construction. A petition drive was signed by 600,000 fans favoring Cleveland over Memphis, and a USA Today poll which Cleveland won by 100,000 votes. The hall of fame board voted to build the museum in Cleveland.

Although there is some debate among music fans over why Cleveland ended up being chosen, most industry professionals agreed that it is because the city offered the best financial package. As Plain Dealer music critic Michael Norman noted, "It wasn't Alan Freed. It was $65 million... Cleveland wanted it here and put up the money."

During early discussions on where to build the Hall of Fame and Museum, the Foundation's board considered the Cuyahoga River. Ultimately, the chosen location was in downtown Cleveland by Lake Erie, just east of Cleveland Stadium and the Great Lakes Science Center.

At a point in the planning phase when a financing gap existed, a proposal was made for the Rock Hall to be located in the then vacant May Company Building, but it was finally decided that Chinese architect, I. M. Pei, who is credited with such other projects as the Louvre Pyramid in Paris, France and the Bank of China Tower, would be commissioned to design a new building. Initial CEO Larry R. Thompson facilitated I. M. Pei as designs for the site were made. Pei came up with the idea of a tower with a glass pyramid protruding from it. The museum tower was initially planned to stand 200ft high, but it had to be cut down to 162ft due to its proximity to Burke Lakefront Airport. The building's base is approximately 150,000 square feet. The groundbreaking ceremony was June 7, 1993, with Pete Townshend and Chuck Berry doing the honors. The museum opened on September 2, 1995, with the ribbon being cut by an ensemble that included Yoko Ono and Little Richard, among others.

The museum documents the entire history of rock and roll, regardless of induction status. Hall of Fame inductees are honored in a special exhibit inside the museum's spire.

Temporary exhibit honoring Roy Orbison in 2007

There are seven levels in the building. The first through fifth levels feature many permanent and temporary exhibits documenting the history of rock and roll. Temporary exhibits display items from artists that have only been borrowed for a short period of time, such as the Warped Tour display in 2007, showcasing memorabilia from the tour's 12 years in existence. The museum has also put up numerous musical films for viewing, such as 2007's temporary exhibit running George Harrison's Concert for Bangladesh. Some of the permanent exhibits include a history of audio technology, a section of mannequins donning outfits of famous performers past and present, and an area which looks at music scenes in various cities throughout different eras, including Memphis in the 50s, Detroit, Liverpool and San Francisco in the 60s, Los Angeles in the 70s, New York City and London in the 70s and 80s and Seattle in the 90s.

The third level is where the actual Hall of Fame is located and includes a wall with all of the inductees' signatures. The seventh and final level of the building is a temporary exhibit which features a certain group or artist for a period of time. It occupies the entire floor, which is the smallest since it is at the top of the pyramid. Some of the artists featured include Led Zeppelin, Elvis Presley, The Supremes, The Who, John Lennon, U2, Bob Dylan, The Clash and The Police.

While the museum is located in Cleveland, the induction ceremony has been annually held in New York City (except in 1997, when the ceremony was held in Cleveland). This has been a source of controversy and tension between the Foundation's commitment to a yearly showcase and the Hall of Fame itself. In December 2007, it was announced that Cleveland will hold the ceremony every three years, beginning in 2009.

At the December 2008 opening celebration for the new Rock Hall Annex in New York City-- a facility that some Clevelanders fear is the first step in moving the museum to New York-- co-founder Jann Wenner admitted that they had made a mistake in building the museum in Cleveland and not New York: "One of the small sad things is we didn't do it in New York in the first place." 

Criticism

Letter sent to Rock and Roll Hall of Fame from the Sex Pistols

The main criticism is that the nomination process is controlled by a few individuals who are not even musicians, such as founder Jann Wenner, former foundation director Suzan Evans, and writer Dave Marsh, reflecting their tastes rather than the views of the rock world as a whole. A former member of the nominations board once said:

At one point Suzan Evans lamented the choices being made because there weren't enough big names that would sell tickets to the dinner. That was quickly remedied by dropping one of the doo-wop groups being considered in favor of a 'name' artist ... I saw how certain pioneering artists of the 50s and early 60s were shunned because there needed to be more name power on the list, resulting in 70s superstars getting in before the people who made it possible for them. Some of those pioneers still aren't in today.

Petitions with tens of thousands of signatures were also being ignored and some groups that were signed with certain labels or companies or were affiliated with various committee members have even been put up for nomination with no discussion at all.

Another criticism is that too many artists are inducted, allowing for several lesser acts to make it in. In fifteen years, 97 different artists have been inducted. A minimum of 50% of the vote is needed to be inducted, although the final percentages are not announced and a certain number of inductees (5 in 2007) is set before the ballots are shipped. The committee usually nominates a small number of artists (9 in 2007) and they are coming from an increasing number of different genres. Several voters, including Joel Selvin, who himself is a former member of the nominating committee, didn't submit their ballots in 2007, with the reason being that they didn't feel any of the candidates were truly worthy.

The Sex Pistols, inducted in 2006, refused to attend the ceremony, calling the museum a "piss stain".

Controversy

On March 14, two days after the 2007 induction ceremony, Roger Friedman of Fox News published an article claiming that The Dave Clark Five should have been the fifth inductee, as they had more votes than inductee Grandmaster Flash and The Furious Five. The article went on to say "[Jann Wenner] used a technicality about the day votes were due in. In reality, The Dave Clark Five got six more votes than Grandmaster Flash. But he felt we couldn't go another year without a rap act."

The Rock & Roll Hall of Fame would later deny fixing the vote, although they didn't deny that late votes were received, saying, "No. There is a format and rules and procedure. There is a specific time when the votes have to be in, and then they are counted. The bands with the top five votes got in."

The Dave Clark Five was subsequently nominated again and then inducted the following year.

Year	Image	Name	Inducted members
1986		Berry, ChuckChuck Berry
1986		Brown, JamesJames Brown
1986		Charles, RayRay Charles
1986		Cooke, SamSam Cooke
1986		Domino, FatsFats Domino
1986		Everly Brothers The Everly Brothers	Don Everly and Phil Everly.
1986		Holly, BuddyBuddy Holly
1986		Lewis, Jerry LeeJerry Lee Lewis
1986		Little Richard
1986		Presley, ElvisElvis Presley
1987		Coasters The Coasters	Carl Gardner, Cornelius Gunter, Billy Guy and Will "Dub" Jones.
1987		Cochran, EddieEddie Cochran
1987		Diddley, BoBo Diddley
1987		Franklin, ArethaAretha Franklin
1987		Gaye, MarvinMarvin Gaye
1987		Haley, BillBill Haley
1987		King, B. B.B. B. King
1987		McPhatter, ClydeClyde McPhatter
1987		Nelson, RickyRicky Nelson
1987		Orbison, RoyRoy Orbison
1987		Perkins, CarlCarl Perkins
1987		Robinson, SmokeySmokey Robinson
1987		Joe Turner, BigBig Joe Turner
1987		Waters, MuddyMuddy Waters
1987		Wilson, JackieJackie Wilson
1988		Beach Boys The Beach Boys	Al Jardine, Mike Love, Brian Wilson, Carl Wilson and Dennis Wilson.
1988		Beatles The Beatles	George Harrison, John Lennon, Paul McCartney and Ringo Starr.
1988		Drifters The Drifters	Clyde McPhatter, Ben E. King, Rudy Lewis, Johnny Moore, Bill Pinkney, Charlie Thomas and Gerhart Thrasher.
1988		Dylan, BobBob Dylan
1988		Supremes The Supremes	Florence Ballard, Diana Ross and Mary Wilson.
1989		Dion Dion
1989		Redding, OtisOtis Redding
1989		Rolling Stones The Rolling Stones	Mick Jagger, Brian Jones, Keith Richards, Ian Stewart, Mick Taylor, Charlie Watts, Ronnie Wood and Bill Wyman.
1989		Temptations The Temptations	Dennis Edwards, Melvin Franklin, Eddie Kendrick, David Ruffin, Otis Williams and Paul Williams.
1989		Wonder, StevieStevie Wonder
1990		Ballard, HankHank Ballard
1990		Darin, BobbyBobby Darin
1990		Four Seasons The Four Seasons	Tom DeVito, Bob Gaudio, Nick Massi, and Frankie Valli.
1990		Four Tops The Four Tops	Renaldo "Obie" Benson, Abdul "Duke" Fakir, Lawrence Payton and Levi Stubbs.
1990		Kinks The Kinks	Mick Avory, Dave Davies, Ray Davies and Peter Quaife.
1990		Platters The Platters	David Lynch, Herb Reed, Paul Robi and Tony Williams,
1990		Simon & Garfunkel	Paul Simon and Art Garfunkel.
1990		Who The Who	Roger Daltrey, John Entwistle, Keith Moon and Pete Townshend.
1991		Baker, LaVernLaVern Baker
1991		Byrds The Byrds	Gene Clark, Michael Clarke, David Crosby, Chris Hillman and Roger McGuinn.
1991		Hooker, John LeeJohn Lee Hooker
1991		Impressions The Impressions	Arthur Brooks, Richard Brooks, Jerry Butler Fred Cash, Sam Gooden and Curtis Mayfield.
1991		Pickett, WilsonWilson Pickett
1991		Reed, JimmyJimmy Reed
1991		Ike & Tina Turner	Ike Turner and Tina Turner.
1992		Bland, Bobby Bobby "Blue" Bland
1992		Booker T. & the M.G.s	Steve Cropper, Donald "Duck" Dunn, Al Jackson, Jr., Booker T. Jones and Lewis Steinberg.
1992		Cash, JohnnyJohnny Cash
1992		Isley Brothers The Isley Brothers	Chris Jasper, Ernie Isley, Marvin Isley, O'Kelly Isley, Jr., Ronald Isley and Rudolph Isley.
1992		Jimi Hendrix Experience The Jimi Hendrix Experience	Jimi Hendrix, Mitch Mitchell and Noel Redding.
1992		Sam & Dave	Sam Moore and Dave Prater.
1992		Yardbirds The Yardbirds	Jeff Beck, Eric Clapton, Chris Dreja, Jim McCarty, Jimmy Page, Keith Relf and Paul Samwell-Smith.
1993		Brown, RuthRuth Brown
1993		Cream	Ginger Baker, Jack Bruce and Eric Clapton.
1993		Creedence Clearwater Revival	Doug Clifford, Stu Cook, John Fogerty and Tom Fogerty.
1993		Doors The Doors	John Densmore, Robby Krieger, Ray Manzarek and Jim Morrison.
1993		Frankie Lymon & The Teenagers	Frankie Lymon, Sherman Garnes, Jimmy Merchant, Joe Negroni and Herman Santiago
1993		James, EttaEtta James
1993		Van Morrison
1993		Sly & The Family Stone	Gregg Errico, Larry Graham, Jerry Martini, Cynthia Robinson, Freddie Stone, Rosie Stone, Sly Stone.
1994		Animals The Animals	Eric Burdon, Chas Chandler, Alan Price, John Steel, Hilton Valentine.
1994		Band The Band	Rick Danko, Levon Helm, Garth Hudson, Richard Manuel, Robbie Robertson.
1994		Eddy, DuaneDuane Eddy
1994		Grateful Dead	Tom Constanten, Jerry Garcia, Donna Godchaux, Keith Godchaux, Mickey Hart, Robert Hunter, Bill Kreutzmann, Phil Lesh, Ron McKernan, Brent Mydland, Bob Weir and Vince Welnick.
1994		John, EltonElton John
1994		Lennon, JohnJohn Lennon
1994		Marley, BobBob Marley
1994		Stewart, RodRod Stewart
1995		Allman Brothers Band The Allman Brothers Band	Duane Allman, Gregg Allman, Dickey Betts, Jai Johanny Johanson, Berry Oakley and Butch Trucks.
1995		Green, AlAl Green
1995		Joplin, JanisJanis Joplin
1995		Led Zeppelin	John Bonham, John Paul Jones, Jimmy Page and Robert Plant
1995		Martha and the Vandellas	Martha Reeves, Rosalind Ashford, Betty Kelly, Lois Reeves and Annette Sterling.
1995		Young, NeilNeil Young
1995		Zappa, FrankFrank Zappa
1996	bowiepic.jpg">	Bowie, DavidDavid Bowie
1996	N-SC-82-07155.jpg">	Gladys Knight & the Pips	Gladys Knight, William Guest, Merald Knight and Edward Patten.
1996		Jefferson Airplane	Marty Balin, Jack Casady, Spencer Dryden, Paul Kantner, Jorma Kaukonen, Grace Slick.
1996		Little Willie John
1996	inkfloyd.png">	Pink Floyd	Syd Barrett, David Gilmour, Nick Mason, Roger Waters, Rick Wright.
1996		Shirelles The Shirelles	Shirley Alston Reeves, Addie Harris, Doris Kenner-Jackson, Beverly Lee.
1996		Velvet Underground The Velvet Underground	John Cale, Sterling Morrison, Lou Reed, Maureen Tucker.
1997		Bee Gees	Barry Gibb, Maurice Gibb, Robin Gibb.
1997		Buffalo Springfield	Richie Furay, Dewey Martin, Bruce Palmer, Stephen Stills, Neil Young.
1997		Crosby, Stills & Nash	David Crosby, Graham Nash, Stephen Stills.
1997		The Jackson 5	Jackie Jackson, Jermaine Jackson, Marlon Jackson, Michael Jackson, Tito Jackson.
1997		Mitchell, JoniJoni Mitchell
1997		Parliament-Funkadelic	Jerome Brailey, Bootsy Collins, Raymond Davis, Tiki Fulwood, George Clinton, Glenn Goins, Michael Hampton, Fuzzy Haskins, Eddie Hazel, Walter Morrison, Cordell Mosson, William "Billy Bass" Nelson, Garry Shider, Calvin Simon, Grady Thomas and Bernie Worrell.
1997		Rascals The Rascals	Eddie Brigati, Felix Cavaliere, Gene Cornish and Dino Danelli.
1998		Eagles	Don Felder, Glenn Frey, Don Henley, Bernie Leadon, Randy Meisner, Timothy B. Schmit and Joe Walsh.
1998		Fleetwood Mac	Lindsey Buckingham, Mick Fleetwood, Peter Green, Danny Kirwan, John McVie, Christine McVie, Stevie Nicks and Jeremy Spencer.
1998		Mamas & The Papas The Mamas & the Papas	Denny Doherty, Cass Elliot, John Phillips and Michelle Phillips.
1998		Price, LloydLloyd Price
1998		Santana	Carlos Santana, Jose Chepito Areas, David Brown, Mike Carabello, Gregg Rolie and Michael Shrieve.
1998		Vincent, GeneGene Vincent
1999		Joel, BillyBilly Joel
1999		Mayfield, CurtisCurtis Mayfield
1999		McCartney, PaulPaul McCartney
1999		Shannon, DelDel Shannon
1999		Springfield, DustyDusty Springfield
1999		Springsteen, BruceBruce Springsteen
1999		Staple Singers, TheThe Staple Singers	Pops Staples, Cleotha Staples, Mavis Staples, Pervis Staples, Yvonne Staples.
2000		Clapton, EricEric Clapton
2000		Earth, Wind & Fire	Philip Bailey, Larry Dunn, Johnny Graham, Ralph Johnson, Al McKay, Fred White, Maurice White, Verdine White and Andrew Woolfolk.
2000		Lovin' Spoonful, TheThe Lovin' Spoonful	Steve Boone, Joe Butler, John Sebastian and Zal Yanovsky.
2000		Moonglows, TheThe Moonglows	Prentiss Barnes, Harvey Fuqua, Peter Graves, Bobby Lester and Billy Johnson.
2000		Raitt, BonnieBonnie Raitt
2000		Taylor, JamesJames Taylor
2001		Aerosmith	Tom Hamilton, Joey Kramer, Joe Perry, Steven Tyler and Brad Whitford.
2001		Burke, SolomonSolomon Burke
2001		Flamingos, TheThe Flamingos	Jake Carey, Zeke Carey, Johnny Carter, Tommy Hunt, Terry "Buzzy" Johnson, Sollie McElroy, Nate Nelson and Paul Wilson
2001		Jackson, MichaelMichael Jackson
2001		Queen	John Deacon, Brian May, Freddie Mercury and Roger Taylor.
2001		Simon, PaulPaul Simon
2001		Steely Dan	Walter Becker and Donald Fagen.
2001		Valens, RitchieRitchie Valens
2002		Hayes, IsaacIsaac Hayes
2002		Lee, BrendaBrenda Lee
2002		Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers	Tom Petty, Ron Blair, Mike Campbell, Howie Epstein, Stan Lynch and Benmont Tench.
2002		Pitney, GeneGene Pitney
2002		Ramones	Dee Dee Ramone, Joey Ramone, Johnny Ramone, Marky Ramone and Tommy Ramone.
2002		Talking Heads	David Byrne, Chris Frantz, Jerry Harrison, Tina Weymouth.
2003		AC/DC	Phil Rudd, Brian Johnson, Bon Scott, Cliff Williams, Angus Young and Malcolm Young.
2003		Clash, TheThe Clash	Terry Chimes, Topper Headon, Mick Jones, Paul Simonon and Joe Strummer.
2003		Elvis Costello & the Attractions	Elvis Costello, Steve Nieve, Bruce Thomas and Pete Thomas.
2003		Police, TheThe Police	Stewart Copeland, Sting, Andy Summers.
2003		Righteous Brothers, TheThe Righteous Brothers	Bobby Hatfield and Bill Medley.
2004		Browne, JacksonJackson Browne
2004		Dells, TheThe Dells	Verne Allison, Chuck Barksdale, Johnny Carter, Johnny Funches, Marvin Junior and Michael McGill.
2004		Harrison, GeorgeGeorge Harrison
2004		Prince
2004		Seger, BobBob Seger
2004		Traffic	Jim Capaldi, Dave Mason, Steve Winwood and Chris Wood.
2004		ZZ Top	Billy Gibbons, Dusty Hill and Frank Beard.
2005		Guy, BuddyBuddy Guy
2005		O'Jays, TheThe O'Jays	Eddie Levert, Bobby Massey, William Powell, Sammy Strain and Walter Williams.
2005		Pretenders, TheThe Pretenders	Chrissie Hynde, Martin Chambers, Pete Farndon and James Honeyman-Scott.
2005		Sledge, PercyPercy Sledge
2005		U2	Bono, The Edge, Adam Clayton and Larry Mullen.
2006		Black Sabbath	Geezer Butler, Tony Iommi, Ozzy Osbourne and Bill Ward.
2006		Blondie	Deborah Harry, Clem Burke, Jimmy Destri, Nigel Harrison, Frank Infante, Chris Stein and Gary Valentine.
2006		Davis, MilesMiles Davis
2006		Lynyrd Skynyrd	Bob Burns, Allen Collins, Steve Gaines, Ed King, Gary Rossington, Billy Powell, Artimus Pyle, Ronnie Van Zant and Leon Wilkeson.
2006		Sex Pistols	Paul Cook, Steve Jones, Glen Matlock, Johnny Rotten and Sid Vicious.
2007		Grandmaster Flash and The Furious Five	Grandmaster Flash, Cowboy, Kidd Creole, Melle Mel, Rahiem and Scorpio.
2007		R.E.M.	Bill Berry, Peter Buck, Mike Mills and Michael Stipe.
2007		Ronettes, TheThe Ronettes	Ronnie Spector, Estelle Bennett and Nedra Talley.
2007		Smith, PattiPatti Smith
2007		Van Halen	Michael Anthony, Sammy Hagar, David Lee Roth, Alex Van Halen and Eddie Van Halen.
2008		Dave Clark Five, TheThe Dave Clark Five	Dave Clark, Lenny Davidson, Rick Huxley, Denny Payton and Mike Smith.
2008		Cohen, LeonardLeonard Cohen
2008		Madonna
2008		Mellencamp, JohnJohn Mellencamp
2008		Ventures, TheThe Ventures	Bob Bogle, Nokie Edwards, Gerry McGee, Mel Taylor and Don Wilson.
2009		Beck, JeffJeff Beck
2009		Little Anthony & The Imperials
2009		Metallica
2009		Run-DMC
2009		Womack, BobbyBobby Womack

Early influences

Woody Guthrie, inducted in 1988.

Louis Armstrong, inducted in 1990.

Pete Seeger, inducted in 1996.

Charles Brown, inducted in 1999.

Artists inducted into the early influences category are those "whose music predated rock and roll but had an impact on the evolution of rock and roll and inspired rock's leading artists." Unlike the performers category, these inductees are selected by a committee. The full process is not transparent and it is unclear who comprises this selection committee.

^ A. Inducted members: Bill Kenny, Charlie Fuqua, Deek Watson, and Orville "Hoppy" Jones.
^ B. Inducted members: Sam Cooke, Roy Crain Sr., R.H. Harris, Jesse Farley, T.L. Bruster, James Medlock, Paul Foster, Johnnie Taylor, and Bob King.
^ C. Inducted members: Sonny Til, Tommy Gaither, George Nelson, Johnny Reed and Alexander Sharp.
^ D. Inducted members: Bob Wills, Tommy Duncan, Johnny Gimble, Joe "Jody" Holley, Tiny Moore, Herb Remington, Eldon Shamblin and Al Stricklin.

Lifetime achievement

The following were inducted for "Lifetime Achievement in the Non-Performer Category."

Non-performers

Carole King, inducted in 1990.

Clive Davis, inducted in 2000.

The non-performer category honors "songwriters, producers, disc jockeys, record executives, journalists and other industry professionals who have had a major influence on the development of rock and roll." Several of the inductees in this category were in fact fairly well-known as performers as well. The inductees in this category are selected by the same committee that chooses the early influences. The full process is not transparent and it is unclear who comprises this selection committee. This category has been criticized for inducting those that have "been coming to the dinner for years and paying for their tickets" and not revealing their full criteria. In 2008, this category was renamed the "Ahmet Ertegün Award".

Sidemen

First established in 2000, the sidemen category "honors those musicians who have spent their careers out of the spotlight, performing as backup musicians for major artists on recording sessions and in concert." A separate committee, composed mainly of producers, chooses the inductees.

Multiple inductees

As of 2009, only fifteen performers have been inducted twice or more; ten have been recognized as a solo artist and with a band, and four have been inducted with two separate bands. Eric Clapton is the only one to be inducted three times, as a solo artist and with The Yardbirds and Cream. Clyde McPhatter was the first to ever be inducted twice and is one of three artists to be inducted first as a solo artist, then as a member of a band (Sam Cooke and Neil Young are the others). Stephen Stills is the only artist to be inducted twice in the same year. Sam Cooke is the only person to be inducted in both the "performers" and "early influences" categories.

Eric Clapton is the only artist to be inducted three times.